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The whole family at Chez Bates in Greenbelt, MD.
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The total pleasure of this visit is seeing even the cousins over the holidays!!

Friday, January 8, 2010 - It's a funny feeling being an ex-pat these days, much different from 20 years ago in Tokyo.  Then, we were living in a very different place, but the same people.  Now, I think, we're in a very different place, and also different people.

It hits us immediately as we get on the BA flight from Sofia and they serve us a hot lunch ... God, it's good!  I can't believe it; we've got to be about the only people in the air that day thinking that airline food is fabulous!  But after food in Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria, it has taste, texture, variety, and familiarity.  Now, they didn't have Bourbon, but I can wait for 12 hours!

It was a fine semester, with Sandra as Interim Chair of the JMC Department, and she/we accomplished a lot during the short time, making solid inroads into needed changes in attitudes and curriculum (though not so much within the Administration, which is a shame).  We have adapted to life in Blagoevgrad - a fairly progressive (for Bulgaria) small city with about 20% university students, 1/10th of which are ours - which has a lengthy center-city pedestrian mall and lots of cafes, most outdoors for 2/3 of the year, and has a sort of low-rent Parisian bistro feel.  But especially Sandra feels the increasing pull of the U.S. and family ... a rather "enough adventure already, let's get home" attitude, which I don't at all dismiss.  Now, it's more a question of when we can afford the U.S., which certainly on a vacation basis is ludicrously expensive.

Arriving just over two weeks ago in Washington, DC, we both felt an instant sense of comfort, and relief, as we were in comfortable cars, on big, wide, smooth highways, and almost everything in ENGLISH!!  The variety of housing was wonderful, the range of stores and even fast-food screamed CHOICE, I saw the Washington Monument in the distance (still a source of reassurance, though after consideration, perhaps inexplicable), and then felt unusually comfortable as we sailed around the Beltway to our home-away-from-home at the Spring Hill Suites in Columbia.

We made a tough decision this trip home, and decided we just couldn't try to see everybody, which turns a 3-week visit into something like a forced march ... every night a different room, lugging 3-4 suitcases after you, deflecting genuine, heartfelt invitations to stay at somebody's home, trying to come up with lame jokes about how we don't "crash" anymore, knowing that this is insulting but trying to make our travel as non-daunting as possible.  This one has been calm, very family-centered, including much time with Bradshaw and a trip to Princeton to see the Katzenbachs, and lovely support from EPSH and DBHB.  About three days to go before we head back to Blago, and our lives have become laundry, last-minute purchases, final doctors and Swine shots, Sandra's efforts to regain sight through contacts rather than glasses, and enjoying the expensive repairs we had done on the car!  Thai food tonight which was delicious - even the 88-year-old had a large plate of Phad Thai and loved it! - and has become sort of our sine qua non in new locations.  It's virtually unknown in Bulgaria, but we found a wonderful place in Bucharest (with NBC Universal's Jeff Green's help), but just spent too much money in Istanbul.  Can we say food is our life?

We think our time in the Balkans is drawing to a close.  We adore our students and delight in their teaching, as well as supporting them afterwards (which is so damn important!).  We have another year on our current contracts, and will surely honor those, if nothing else for the great feelings we get from the teaching.  But the stunning lack of vision at the university and resistance to change in an era of change, not to mention a discouraging reluctance to be supportive and respectful to faculty, is very difficult for both of us, especially for a long-time builder like me.  We're already turned down several approaches from other institutions, which gives us hope.  And I have several leads, including a couple from this visit.  Also, as soon as we've completed the two conference papers we've had accepted, I think we'll have some pretty solid credentials, even as the academic-unwashed are still focused on Ph.D's.  Regardless, I think we both feel great about the work and impact we've enjoyed at AUBG.

Bradshaw appears in great shape; he was focused on taking the LSAT this winter, but has sort of backed off on that as he's become more comfortable as an Inside Sales Manager at Hewlett-Packard at its new back-office operation in Conway, AR (a suburb of Little Rock).  He spent a lot of time with us here which we SO enjoyed, and exhibited much of his natural intellect and humor.  He really has a unique range of expertise and sensitivity which will serve him well in whatever direction he chooses.  There's tons of pressure on all young people these days, and I spend a lot of time trying to say, "stop, slow down, make the easy decisions right now, plenty of time for the tough ones, get to know yourself a little better, make a mistake or two, learn from them, then start looking around, see what you might like in the context of work, what you really don't like ... you really do have time, take it!"

So, Sunday the 10th we'll be on our way back, via Heathrow Hell, and honestly look forward to reconnecting to students and classes.  That makes this all worthwhile.  Come visit!

The Mother and the Graduate after the Great Moment
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It was almost worth all the angst and cash ... the ceremony at Younger Hall, circa 1411!!
A Quick Look at the Completed Year ... 2009!!!!
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Scenes from 2009 ... Pick your favorites!
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CENTRAL DOWNTOWN BLAGOEVGRAD, a City of 100,000...
Downtown Blagoevgrad
The City is a walkers' town, with open plazas connected by tree-and-shop-lined pedestrian malls.

The LATEST from Blago ... in which we report on our most recent doings in and around Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria, and beyond.  

The Former SUPREME SOVIET HQ in Blagoevgrad ...
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NOW the Main Building of the American University of Bulgaria
About a half-mile from the AUBG Main Building ...
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The new Skaptopara campus borders the river.

Graduation 6/25/2009!!!

University of St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland.

What a Day!  Actually, a glorious five days in St. Andrews, well-planned and arranged by The Graduate.  A line-up of parties with families of other graduates, plenty of time together and with godfather Dudley, and then The Main Event.  The pictures tell some of the story.

Breakfast in the Fairmont atrium restaurant ...
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... Our first morning in Scotland, the excitement abuilding - just two days, and parties, to go!!

The fabulous Fairmont St. Andrews Golf Resort ...
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... Where Bradshaw has been working as a concierge, and where we stayed in luxury at employee rates!

The Graduate can easily tie a bow without a mirror
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... But a mother's touch lifts the result into the realm of perfection!!

Ready to go into Younger Hall (behind), Dudley ...
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...on hand, for the Graduation Ceremony that displayed centuries of tradition and pride.

After the opening procession, all are standing ...
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... Respect for the graduates, but also for an academy where education began in 1413!!

Bradshaw kneeling before the Principal ...
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... Who confers the degree of Masters (Honors) in Theological Studies, and the hood presented.

His face a mixture of relief and accomplishment...
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... the freshly-hooded graduate recedes with classmates from theology, art history, and geology.

It just doesn't get much better than this ...
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... The Proud Mom with the Proud Graduate, who apparently can now "marry and bury."

As Bradshaw marched past us after the ceremony he said, perhaps in oblique reference to the current worldwide recession, "Thanks for paying for this!"  Our delight and pride in his accomplishment, especially his strong academic finish, makes it exceptionally easy to respond with a "you're most welcome."

He'll be heading back to the States, with several job interviews lined up, and we'll join him in mid-July.  But as we relax back in Blagoevgrad, the delicious memories are not far from our thoughts. 

SUMMER - June 2009

End of Year Two.  Two more on the horizon.  While it's extraordinarily frustrating that we haven't been able to make most of the new media changes we would have liked, subtle improvements in the curriculum content seem to be having good effect.  Journalism & Mass Communications was well represented at the Commencement ceremonies, we're slowly intruding more rigor into our courses, the content of the essays in the State Exams (which we also have to grade) was several levels better than last year, and we're enjoying much more engagement with students rather than simply counting majors.  Transcending all is the incredible enjoyment and reward both Sandra and I get from teaching the diverse, bright students we have here.

The fall semester will bring a big change for Sandra, as she takes over the department as Interim Chair.  The announcement at the annual JMC Rocks party at the Piano Bar in downtown Blago in April brought long cheers and applause, clear evidence that her intensive student contact in her advanced classes is paying off.  As always here, the curious decision not to replace the courses of Prof. Dinka Spirovska while she's on sabbatical tends to offset our gains with diminished morale in the department.  Sadly, this tendency has carried over to faculty, where some peculiar contract decisions have seriously injured morale and contributed to good friends returning home. 

These are tough times everywhere, of course.  But it seems clear the problems at AUBG are more internal than external.  Even though Bulgaria's entrance into the European Union is widely seen, especially outside Bulgaria, as a good thing, it has put AUBG in a difficult position asking high schoolers here to choose us rather than an EU university at less than one-fifth the cost.  And so our Bulgarian admissions are way down.  Sounds external, doesn't it?  I don't think so.  Our heavy reliance on tuition fees, virtually non-existent marketing and PR (despite the serendipidous item reprinted below), antiquated budget procedures and concepts, apparent reluctance to be too American, opaque operations, and poorly defined and presented vision combine to offer formidable barriers to success.

So, why do we like it here so much?  I think it's the students and the promise.  Even with the problems, the potential being wasted, AUBG does offer a unique opportunity - even if it doesn't yet know how to express it - for elite students from more than 30 formerly-or-still-repressive states to engage a rapidly changing world intellectually and experientially.  And it's simply glorious being around them as they do that, as well as part of that engagement.  Also, while Bulgaria is not exactly a top-tier garden spot, we were already used to not being able to speak or read the language from our time in Tokyo, and the people here are generally nice, if rigid.  We enjoy the "cafe" feel of Blagoevgrad, the "hometown" feel when you greet students while walking the malls of downtown, the surrounding mountains mixing with the Mediterranean air up from Greece.

Our big enjoyment is but two weeks away ... Bradshaw's graduation from the University of St. Andrews with an honors Masters in Theology.  I never guessed that the Episcopal Bishops in our family background would have such impact (I don't actually think it did).  We'll be on hand, of course, and Brad's godfather will cross the pond to attend, which we're thrilled about.  Brad has been working at the swanky Fairmont Resort there and has arranged for cut-rate accommodations for us.  Brad also seems to have really focused on his academic work this year, virtually aceing his dissertation and finishing up very respectably.  We're very proud of his growth and success.  And he seems well-situated for the next stage, as he has a series of interviews set in the States in July.

We hope to take our usual month in the States from mid-July, though airline prices and the sheer cost of being in the U.S. are daunting.  Of course, people regularly ask us, "Aren't you going to check in with your doctors?"  Yes, though these days "health insurance" is right up there with "special sale."  And it's also a fair question of whether the 6-7 minutes you get with an American doctor is worth the hassle.  But it will be great to see family and friends, and to enjoy much-needed R&R at the lake in the Adirondacks. 

 

Amazing from the The New York Times ...

Letter from the Balkans

May 29, 2009
On a Campus in Bulgaria,
Every Reason for Optimism

BLAGOEVGRAD, BULGARIA — Back in late 1991, when things seemed very dark in the Balkans, I came to this nondescript town of 70,000 or so at the foot of the Rila and Pirin mountains, and found something rare, and inspiring.

At the time, Serbs and Croats were dying by the scores — for their leaders’ delusions — in the ruins of the city of Vukovar. Journalists, diplomats and many Yugoslavs (as they then were) could just feel that the war was going to move on, soon, to Bosnia, and that it would be terrible.

So it was trebly refreshing, on a wintry Balkan day, to talk to the pioneering souls who had then just set up the American University in Bulgaria. It was either necessity or uncanny good sense to situate this fledgling enterprise in the former regional headquarters of the Communist Party, with the occasional extracurricular activity in a residence built for Bulgaria’s longtime Communist dictator, Todor Zhivkov.

The enthusiasm of the 13 American and 3 Bulgarian faculty, and the first 195 students, was hard to miss. “This is where the action is, this is where people are making choices that have rarely been made in history,” gushed Janet Connolly, then a 62-year-old law professor from Temple University. “We’re not just learning the ropes,” said John Fleming, another American faculty member. “We’re weaving them.”

In the years since, the university has known ups and downs — visits from Presidents Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, but also disputes over authority and customary uncertainty over funding. But when Dimitri Panitza, a Bulgarian émigré who has helped the university, and his homeland in general, in all kinds of ways since the fall of Communism, asked if I wanted to attend this year’s graduation, I leapt at the chance.

This newspaper and others have written plenty about the problems of Bulgaria — above all, the role played by a post-Communist mafia and the corruption that infiltrates daily life. Bulgaria has made strides and joined both NATO and the European Union — and yet.

On the Blagoevgrad campus — at its very best for graduation weekend recently — such doubts are banished. Funded from the start by the Bulgarian government, the Blagoevgrad authorities, the U.S. government and the Open Society Foundation of George Soros, the Hungarian-born billionaire, the university has swollen to about 1,100 students. They live in gleaming residence halls and enjoy a 100,000-volume library, the largest such in southeastern Europe.

Between 30 and 40 percent of the students come from outside Bulgaria — many from other former Communist countries as far east as Mongolia. Faculty, too, is international, with around 40 percent American. Instruction, of course, is in English.

This year, the valedictorian of the 258 graduating students was a young man named Igor Letina. He turned out to have a perfect 4.0 grade point average, and he also turned out to come from the Bosnian city of Banja Luka.

The circle of Balkan contrasts seemed complete. During that war that did indeed go to Bosnia, Banja Luka became synonymous with acts of terror perpetrated by one ethnic group — in Banja Luka’s case, by Bosnian Serbs — on others. It was in Banja Luka that an ancient mosque was destroyed. To the north lay the town of Prijedor, where Bosnian Serbs systematically turned pretty much every Muslim home into a roofless ruin. Near Prijedor were the notorious camps where Serbs incarcerated Muslims and Croats.

In the war, Banja Luka itself remained a recognizably Habsburg/Communist town of faded glory, with a handsome tree-lined main street and clusters of intelligent people who would gather at a local cafe of an evening. According to Mr. Letina, the town is still a little bleak, “with a couple of decent people — I guess that’s just the way it is.”

He said he ended up in Blagoevgrad almost by accident. Like other intelligent friends in Banja Luka, and generations of East Europeans before them, he had initially intended to study in Vienna. But he saw a poster about the American University, and “one thing led to another, and AUBG offered me a scholarship.”

Last year, he spent five months at the Washington office of Representative Joseph Crowley of New York. This summer, he will intern with a humanitarian nongovernmental organization based in Berlin before starting graduate studies in economics in Milan.

Mr. Letina was not the only eye-opener on the graduation stage in Blagoevgrad’s baking square. The salutatorian, with a 3.98 grade point average and acceptance letters from eight American schools for graduate studies, was Laila Zulkaphil, from Ulan Bator, Mongolia. She heads to Georgetown University in Washington this autumn to study conflict resolution.

That is also the chosen subject of Margarita Dimova, the student speaker, a Bulgarian enrolled in Utrecht in the autumn — after a university span that included a year in Japan.

To list all this sounds boosterish, and also misses the point that most of this university’s graduates stay in their home regions, declining to join the “brain drain” that took so many bright Balkan youngsters West.

To someone all too familiar with the bad sides of the Balkans, it was simply very heartening. The global economic crisis was distant for a day. President David Huwiler mentioned it, along with military conflicts and increasing poverty and hunger. But he quickly added “our hope that you will take with you the determination to make a difference on our troubled planet.”

Standard graduation fare, perhaps. But not so automatic if you emerge from Communism, or ethnic hatred, to twirl your tassel to the left and throw your cap in the air to mark the acquisition of that precious degree. As Slavenka Drakulic, the Croatian writer who gave the keynote address, noted: “Freedom is a rare and precious fruit in this part of the world.”

Alison Smale is currently Executive Editor of the International Herald Tribune and an executive at The New York Times Company.  This article in the Times circulated like a brush fire across Facebook and elicited delightful and delighted comments from AUBG students, past and present.  Ms. Smale has already agreed to return to campus next fall to lecture and spend more time with JMC students.

 

September 27, 2008

Now a month back in Blagoevgrad, and it's hard to believe that we're into our second year at the American University in Bulgaria.  Now, we're both full-time Assistant Professors in Journalism & Mass Communications and just teaching our hearts out!   This is such a tough environment, as the students - from 25 nations - all have different attitudes toward such basic notions as Freedom of Information and the Press, and especially the sense of purpose one should have in that pursuit.  Further, the University administration seems to struggle with who we are, seeing much of student media and operational transparency as a threat rather than a basic trust.

Also, perhaps in recognition of the reluctance of the Bulgarian Government, the University is curiously reluctant to push basic notions of what it is to be American, like holidays and the quadrennial election process.  More profound, you can't get a commitment of "we can make this work" from many people in Bulgaria.  I suspect this is the most important attitude working against the future of this  country.  I'm not sure that I have an answer of how to change this so the country (and others nearby) can succeed.

Is this part of my mandate here as a professor?  I'm not sure.  But there is plenty of room for investigation and research into why we're here, what we're supposed to do now that both USAID and the World Bank have "left" Bulgaria because "everything's working" okay here.  It is a challenging and important time to be here.

Sunday, 27 April 2008 ...

Eight months at the American University in Bulgaria and we've both signed contracts as Assistant Professors in the Department of Journalism & Mass Communications here for the next three years.  We enjoy the students a lot, and the city of Blagoevgrad is quite livable, as well as being well-located for travel throughout a region not well known to many Americans, including us.  We have a long list of destinations yet to visit - places like Bucharest, Zagreb, Dubrovnik, Prague, a return to Istanbul, and islands of the Med.

But we haven't done so badly up to now.  We had a lovely visit to the capital of Sofia and a day-trip to the ancient city of Plovdiv on the Thracian Plain, with its glorious Roman amphitheater that is still in regular use for seasonal Shakespeare.

ROMAN AMPHITHEATER in Plovdiv - Still in use.
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RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH - Downtown Sofia
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The American University in Bulgaria, which stands out as an American-style, liberal arts university in a region where rigidity is a key lingering legacy of its Communist past.  It is an environment of only the most tentative thoughts of an independent process (e.g. democracy or attending all classes in order to learn) versus awaiting the next directive (e.g.  a Soviet focus on the final exam and a last blast of studying).  Toss in concepts like Constitutional guarantees of Freedom of Speech and of the Press and you have the makings of serious consternation, even disorientation.  What are we talking about!?

 

This transition to teaching, after some 40 years as professional journalists at NBC News and public broadcasting (me) and the Miami Herald and Newsday (Sandra), has been fascinating and rewarding.  Talk about lifelong learning, the students' home countries at AUBG range from Mongolia to Nigeria, with the core from the Balkan region, making the classroom experience challenging and a space for mutual learning.  I asked one student if she was going home to Moldova for fall break and she explained that it involved more than 27 hours by train and bus.  The answer was no.

While rich in history, Bulgaria is a poor country, newly a member of the European Union in January 2007, hoping that will serve as impetus for growth and some degree of democratization.  But it’s population continues to decline – by some 20% in recent years – as especially the young leave for jobs that pay something more than the average 400 Leva a month ($325) here in Bulgaria.   There are early signs of that changing, and the students at AUBG seem less inclined to look automatically to Western Europe or the U.S. for careers.  And they are increasingly much sought after, both for their elite, American liberal arts-style education and for their languages and multi-cultural savvy.  All instruction here is in English, and the entrance requirements for English mastery are quite high.

 

The cultural differences in the educational process can be subtle.  Many students are still focused largely on tests, to the point of being somewhat casual in attendance, figuring that reviewing the texts and a pre-test review in class will cover the material.  On the other hand, they have not gotten where they are by being shy or afraid to challenge different viewpoints in class.  Also, there’s a constant expectation of a set of rules or guidelines – a checklist, if you will – at the core of most subjects that you simply must learn or memorize for the test.  So, for example, in my Media Law and Ethics class, it’s clearly disconcerting to the class when I explain at the beginning of the semester that we will study ethical principles from Aristotle to the present, but that the answers will be found only within themselves as they take turns presenting cases on ethical dilemmas.  Their background is to expect answers, not demands that they think for themselves.

 

For those of us teaching journalism and communications, the frustration in students can be palpable as they struggle with the fundamental freedoms that so importantly inform our system.   The catch-phrase in education here and in other previously non-democratic countries is “critical thinking.”  Most importantly, this involves both the permission and requirement to actually be critical … that is, to criticize.  In a political sense, as the American ambassador recently explained to some of our students, Bulgarian officials of all stripes still have a mentality of “waiting for the phone call” before acting, a leftover of the old Soviet ways.  The notion still permeates Bulgarian (and other regional) society.  And so in teaching journalism, the idea that you can and must ask a question, even challenging authority, and not take “no” for an answer, is seen as both new and dangerous.  It is also seen as a lot of hard work, with a positive end product not always clear.

 

The differences in cultural norms and traditions can range widely, even within the classroom.  It took me awhile to come to grips with the fact that, while everybody in my classes spoke English, their native languages were quite different.  So, for example, I couldn’t send the class out in teams to cover a local story in Blagoevgrad for an Intro to Journalism class … unless I made sure there was at least one person on each team who was Bulgarian.  A couple of Romanians and a Moldovan were not going to get very far in Blagoevgrad where English is not widely spoken or understood. 

 

And for some students from, say, Central Asia, the educational experience here can be even more unique.  Two years ago, I was consulting for the American University in Central Asia, located in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, and usually teaching a couple of “master classes” in television news while there working with the university president.  I learned a key reason students chose to attend AUCA was that it was completely meritocratic.  That is, in Kyrgyzstan bribery is such a cultural given that one starts bribing one’s teachers for grades in upper elementary school, and continues through college.  It was explained to me, very matter-of-factly, that this was because teachers didn’t get paid much.  At AUCA, there was a code of honor that specifically prohibited the practice, of which the students were intensely proud.

 

As Americans in this proud but struggling area of the world, our own cultural “givens” demand understanding and restraint.  As the U.S. has found in recent years, not everybody around the world wants to be “fixed” in our image.  Likewise, in journalism, it is not at all clear that our current approach to news in America is the be-all-and-end-all of quality information that should be widely emulated.  But this plays handily into my long-held belief that journalism is, at base, an enormously important skill set that should be taught as such from junior high on.  The research, critical thinking, organizational, interpersonal communications, writing, and multi-versioning skills, not to mention the constant technological components, give students a potent “tool box” of skills responsive to life-long enhancement.  Of course, especially here in Bulgaria, it also yields easy access to discussion of our unique freedoms, the Common Law basis of our system versus the Civil Law basis of much European political and legal structures, and the worthwhile endeavor of serving as a ”watch dog over government, and a guide dog for citizens.”

 

PSH addresses some high schoolers in Shuman, BG ..
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While on a recruiting trip through eastern Bulgaria & Romania.
DRIVING FROM EUROPE TO ASIA!
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ISTANBUL ... An amazing city where two bridges connect Istanbul Europe to Istanbul Asia!!
INSIDE THE "BLUE MOSQUE"
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Really the Sultan Ahmet Mosque, it was completed in 1616, and the first mosque to have 6 minarets.

The view of Georgi Izmirliev Square from AUBG ...
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... on a typical Saturday afternoon in Blagoevgrad.

Sandra in her AUBG office ...
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... hard at work on a typical Saturday afternoon.